# Codebook: FDA reports on manual wheelchairs, read for the part that failed (product code IOR)

Written before any report in the set was coded. Mobility Atlas study, October 2026.

## Pool
FDA MAUDE device reports filed under product code IOR ("Wheelchair, Mechanical", 21 CFR 890.3850), read in openFDA on 16 October 2026 (data last updated 7 October 2026), that carry text: (a) every such report received 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2025 (633); (b) every such report received in 2026 whose manufacturer field does not contain "Medline" (24); (c) a systematic sample of 300 of the 1,921 reports with text whose manufacturer field contains "Medline", received in 2026 (50 consecutive reports at six evenly spaced positions of the openFDA result list sorted by date received: skips 0, 320, 640, 960, 1280, 1600). Pool: 957 reports.

This study asks a different question from the Mobility Atlas lightweight wheelchair study: not what kind of problem, but WHICH PART failed, HOW, and whether wear, age, maintenance or adjustment is named.

## What you record for each report
One line per report: `report_key,part,mode,injury,fall,upkeep,arrival,finding,note`

### PART (one letter): the part of the wheelchair the report says failed FIRST. If the report names several parts with no order, take the one that comes first in this list. Code what the report alleges, even if the maker later found no fault.
- B: BEARING: a wheel or caster bearing (seized, gritty, wobbly, fell out, wore out).
- A: AXLE: a rear axle, quick-release axle or its button or pin, axle sleeve, axle plate or axle bolt (came out, broke, bent, would not lock).
- S: REAR WHEEL STRUCTURE: spokes, rim, hub, mag wheel or the wheel itself broke, cracked, bent or collapsed (not the tire, not the axle, not the bearing).
- T: TIRE OR TUBE: flat, burst, worn, cracked, or the tire (including a solid tire) came off the rim.
- C: CASTER: front caster wheel, caster fork, caster stem, caster housing or caster bolt (broke, came off, wobbled, shimmied, jammed). A caster BEARING is B.
- H: HANDRIM: the push rim on the rear wheel came loose, broke or had sharp edges.
- L: WHEEL LOCK OR BRAKE: wheel lock (parking brake), attendant or hand brake, brake lever or brake bracket (did not hold, would not engage or release, loose, broke).
- F: FRAME: frame tube, weld, side frame, cross brace, seat rail, folding mechanism, camber tube (cracked, bent, broke, separated, would not open or lock).
- K: BACK: back post or back cane, back hinge or release, push handle, backrest hardware (broke, bent, folded, released).
- R: RESTS: footrest, legrest, footplate, armrest, side guard, or their hangers, latches or releases.
- U: UPHOLSTERY: seat or back upholstery, sling or cushion cover tore, sagged or detached; seat belt.
- W: HARDWARE: a screw, bolt, nut, pin, rivet or cap came loose, fell out or broke and the report does not tie it to one of the parts above.
- G: ANTI-TIPPER: anti-tip bar or tube missing, broke, loose or not fitted.
- Y: another named part (e.g. a tray, a pouch, an IV pole, a power add-on is NOT this code: see X).
- Q: a wheelchair problem is alleged but no part is named or you cannot tell which.
- X: an event is described but no wheelchair part failed (a fall while transferring, tipping on a curb with no failure, a medical event, a power add-on or another product failed).
- N: no event involving a manual wheelchair is described (blank, administrative, or about another product).

### MODE (one letter): how the part failed, as the report states it
- K: broke, cracked, snapped, fractured, collapsed.
- D: bent, warped, out of alignment, out of true.
- L: loose, came off, came out, fell out, detached, separated.
- J: stuck, seized, jammed, would not engage, would not release, would not lock.
- W: worn, worn out, flat, torn, frayed, sagging.
- O: other, or not stated. Use O for PART X, Q and N.

### FLAGS (y or n)
- injury: the report states harm to the body or medical care (bruise, cut, fracture, stitches, hospital, death). Pain alone counts as y. y when the event type is Death.
- fall: the user fell or slid out of the chair, or the chair tipped over with the user in it.
- upkeep: the report itself names wear, age, lack of maintenance, overdue service, a part that needed tightening, adjusting or replacing as routine, or user modification, as the cause or as the fix. Do not infer it.
- arrival: the problem was found when the chair arrived or was first opened, unfolded or assembled (new, out of the box, missing parts, first use).

### FINDING (one letter): what the maker found, as the report states it
- D: a fault was found or confirmed, or a part was replaced because it was faulty.
- N: no fault found, worked as designed, or the cause was outside the device (misuse, wear, lack of maintenance, modification, wrong assembly by others).
- X: not evaluated, not returned, or nothing stated.

### note
At most 15 words: the part, what made the choice hard. No quotes longer than 6 words. No personal details.

## Output format
CSV with header `report_key,part,mode,injury,fall,upkeep,arrival,finding,note`, one row per report in your chunk, nothing else. Every report gets exactly one row.